You've never seen paint flaking off? How old are you (~25, "Gen Z", raised by smartphones, you can't Google things etc.)? OK.
Try to scrape/scratch those bubbles, with piece of plastic. Test (how bad it is - if the paint flakes easily it must be addressed this year).
Yes, it's a rust. Possible (water) sources are: third (central) stop lamp and the wiper blade axle.