If it was sudden it could be gum or a broken ring, add more neat oil gum solvent down plug hole, rotate the engine slowly without plugs, leave gum solvent in cylinder with piston near to TDC, i.e. add more. Sping the engine on starter before putting plugs back...
They only gum if you neglect the engine... donno what makes them snap.
Yes you can get piston out with engine in situ, done that a lot in pluky youth, easier to keep clean if you remove it. If the bore is badly damaged it will need a grind, but Ive have single cylinders be way out, and the new rings not really been large enough, i.e. the gaps beyond service limits, but dont worry put everything back, they will be better then old rings.
If you replace rings you will need to remove top wear lip (even if the compression ring is stepped) and the bore glaze, removing (all) the abrasive afterwards is necessary and difficult even with the engine out. A few bit of abrasive do a lota damage.
P.S. edit the wear lip is not like a stair case step, and bore wear is a few thou, measure ring gap at top of stroke and half way down, if it varies too much rebore..., but hey I normally just reassemble with the new components, the ring gap must be more then the minium, and dont crack a ring they are like glass, and will cut flesh too... Buy partner a nurse uniform with nylon stockings...