FIAT were the first company to invent a Variable Valve Timing system in 1960, and have the patent for it (shame they still can't make a variator that lasts )
FIAT were the first to implement VVT into a road car (in an Alfa)
FIAT were the first to implement direct injection diesel (Croma Mk1)
Actually, it seems FIAT are rather technologically advanced with engines!
SOHC's favourable as its cheap and less parts are liable to break through incorrect installation / operation.
DOHC allows for independent modification of exhaust and inlet timing (with the right pulleys) although from a manufacturing standpoint its more costly and they can be a bugger to install without correct locking tools.
My goodness, that brings back the memories. It's over ten years since my Dad was alive, but he used to say this all the time:
"A bean, a bean, a bean and a half, half a bean, and a bean"
if you have a SOHC 16v just means you have 4 valves per cylinder not 2 like a typical SOHC, just makes the engine more efficient, and emission friendly.
depnds on what your engine is of course e.g.
4 pot SOHC 16v = 4 valves per cylinder
4 pot DOHC 16v = 2 valves per cylinder 8 for each cam
devide the number of vlaves by the number of cylinders and that tells you how many vlaves per cylinder you got