Ok, had a similar fault on a Honda a few years back. Not sure if it will be the same thing but it could be something to check.
My fault was a dry soldered joint on the fuel injection relay. It ment that sometimes the relay would not click on when I turned the key, so while the car would turn over fine, no fuel would be fed into the cylinders and it would make no attempt to fire whatsoever. Sometimes it was ok straight away, sometimes it took 15 mins to start.
If your car has a similar relay controlled injection system, I would suggest checking this unit. For me, all I needed to do was remove the unit, open the lid, find the dry soldered joint, re-solder it and pop it all back together.
Actually easy to fix, but was very difficult to diagnose in the first place.
On my Honda the diagnosis was confirmed by listening for the realy click after the turning the ignition on to position II - if I turned the key to pos II, paused and waited 2 seconds and heard the click of the relay - I new it would start straight away. If there was no click, I knew it wasn't going to fire!
Doubt you will have exactly the same fault - but it does sound very similar. ie. no fuel is being sent to the engine at all. Since you have replaced the pump you must have fuel supply from the tank, it sounds like something further up the line is stopping the fuel.
James