When im taking photos of cars moving (like at brooklands on the hillrun thing (see my gallery)) I just use a 200 speed film. You get away with alot with a 200 speed as you can adjust the camera to allow that extra stop a 400 speed film would allow. The film speed rules with bluring generaly only apply to compact cameras with only automatic settings as the majority of them have a fixed apeture or shutter so cannot adjust enought which is where the film speed is crucial. A 200 speed film will also give you much nicer colours than a 400. With ha 400 you might also find that on a sunny day it is too bright to use.
As for apeture. The higher the number, the less light getting into the camera. To know what your doing, you really need a light meter when using a camera on manual. With digital its not so important as you have the screen which will show you how your shot is going to appear, but again, the screen on the back of the camera isnt he most acurate thing to go by as its backlit and will always appear lighter than the real picture. Most film SLRs have a built in meter that you can see through the view finder. Older cameras are in the form of a matchstick kinda thing that goes up and down and will be the correct exposure when its centre. newer SLRs will usualy have a digital display in the camera with the meter on it.
Higher number, less light. Smaller number, more light. you need to get an even balance between the apeture and the speed to get the exposure right which will depend on what you are taking photos of.
fast moving cars, you need a higher shutter speed eg, 500/1000/2000 etc depending how fast they are going. the hill run pics at brooklands were at 500/sec. the cars were probably goingaround 30-40mph as they past me. Anything faster and you will probably need a 1000th/sec speed. although taking photos from a distance and you will get away with a slower speed etc.
Obviously, higer speed will need more light to get the exposure right as the shutter isnt open as long. So a aperture number is the only way to get more light in (apart from a faster film but for picture qualty, the slower film the better). so you set the apeture to a lower numer which opens the lens up more meaning more light in!
I could go on all day tbh but I wont
I havent bothered to mention the depth of field which changes when you adjust the apeture
its all to do with focusing which you didnt ask about
so I wont go off topic lol