In simple terms there are three, four or five items to check
Outer O/S CV Joint
Outer N/S CV Joint
Inner O/S CV Joint
Inner N/S CV Joint
Gearbox Diff
The basic tests are:
1) Backlash / Play
2) Noise / Vibration / Grumbling
Won't detail all tests as they are all similar.
a) Put car in 1st gear
b) Jack O/S wheel up
c) rotate wheel checking angle of defection in either direction and note
d) rock wheel between limits checking for clunks / noise and note with steering at limits in each direction
e) use mole grips on drive shaft to lock shaft and then test wheel angular play and note
f) re-jack car so wheel hangs down with angled drive shaft, gear in neutral and rotate wheel and note any noise / grinding with steering at limits in each direction
Repeat for N/S
If you have inboard CV joints the again putting the gearbox in gear and using mole grips to rotate drive shaft backwards and forwards.
NOTE! Nothing can always be completely definitive but the N/S and O/S side comparisons can help guide to the culprit.
The other suggestion @jackwhoo of turning circle tests is also very good. Turning to the Left puts the N/S CV joint at it's max angle. O/S not so much. Opposite for turning to the Right.
This can all be tedious if you do not have a decent vehicle lift, So much more easily done when not grovelling on the ground.
Last point is that there is often quite a bit of backlash / play in the gearbox and differential hence the need to lock the drive shafts. Generally CV joints are quite tightly coupled between input and output when new but over time they do wear. This is why an A - B comparison can help. If both are stuffed then things become a little more difficult / speculative.
Outer O/S CV Joint
Outer N/S CV Joint
Inner O/S CV Joint
Inner N/S CV Joint
Gearbox Diff
The basic tests are:
1) Backlash / Play
2) Noise / Vibration / Grumbling
Won't detail all tests as they are all similar.
a) Put car in 1st gear
b) Jack O/S wheel up
c) rotate wheel checking angle of defection in either direction and note
d) rock wheel between limits checking for clunks / noise and note with steering at limits in each direction
e) use mole grips on drive shaft to lock shaft and then test wheel angular play and note
f) re-jack car so wheel hangs down with angled drive shaft, gear in neutral and rotate wheel and note any noise / grinding with steering at limits in each direction
Repeat for N/S
If you have inboard CV joints the again putting the gearbox in gear and using mole grips to rotate drive shaft backwards and forwards.
NOTE! Nothing can always be completely definitive but the N/S and O/S side comparisons can help guide to the culprit.
The other suggestion @jackwhoo of turning circle tests is also very good. Turning to the Left puts the N/S CV joint at it's max angle. O/S not so much. Opposite for turning to the Right.
This can all be tedious if you do not have a decent vehicle lift, So much more easily done when not grovelling on the ground.
Last point is that there is often quite a bit of backlash / play in the gearbox and differential hence the need to lock the drive shafts. Generally CV joints are quite tightly coupled between input and output when new but over time they do wear. This is why an A - B comparison can help. If both are stuffed then things become a little more difficult / speculative.
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