In the worst case, a bent or buckled rim could lead to sudden tyre deflation, but if this were likely, it probably wouldn't have made it through the MOT.
I'd say if you're in doubt, you should get it checked out by someone competent; the cynic in me thinks that, even if you somehow managed to find such a person, finding one without a vested interest would be near on impossible.
The worry is what would happen if you hit a second pothole with the same part of the wheel.
The most likely scenario is you'll end up with a flat tyre. Sod's law says it'll be somewhere inconvenient, late at night, and in the pi***ng rain.
This is when most punctures happen. No prizes for guessing how I know this.