You have it backwards, cars with DPFs are the ones belching out nano particles, the large visible particles are filtered by the DPF, leaving invisible nano particles that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, because they pass directly through cell walls.
At least in cars without DPFs, you can see the smoke and try to avoid it, and the nano particles tend to cling to the carbon in diesel exhaust and can actually be filtered out to some extent by the body. If you're walking behind a DPF equipped car, even if you hold your breath the particles will enter the bloodstream via your skin.
If something's going to be toxic, I'd rather see it. It also means that in the mind of the buying public 'new' diesels are 'green' because there's little visible smoke, meaning more people bought diesels than if DPFs were never developed. As a side note, in Australia, DPF's still aren't mandatory.