That sounds too much like a bearing whine to be a turbo whine.
The fact it keeps up with engine speed, as opposed to later, which would suggest turbo. So I don't "think" it's a turbo....
Does it make any difference if you press the clutch? If so, start with the release bearing. If not, it's likely to be a front engine noise.
My guess is THAT whine is a bearing. I would first disconnect the alternator belt to see if it goes. If it doesn't, I would then be checking the timing belt idler & tensioner bearings.
Last thing would be PAS pump, but it doesn't sound too much like that.